nhau

Chii chinonzi fiberglass?

Girazi reFiberglasschinhu chisina simbi chisina kugadzirwa nemakemikari chine hunhu hwakanaka. Chinouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye chine zvakanakira zvakaita sekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, uye simba guru remuchina.

Fiber yegirazi inogadzirwa kubva muzvicherwa zvakaita semicaceous shale, kaolin, limestone, uye jecha re quartz kuburikidza nemaitiro anosanganisira kunyunguduka, kukweva, kuoma, uye kumonereka kwekupisa kwakanyanya. Dhayamita yeshinda imwe chete inotangira pama micrometer mashoma kusvika pama micrometer anopfuura makumi maviri, izvo zvakaenzana ne1/20 kusvika 1/5 ukobvu hwebvudzi remunhu.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, girazi fiber i "magirazi akapfava kwazvo" anotorwa kubva mugirazi kuti ave matete kakawanda kupfuura bvudzi remunhu.

Mhando dzeGirazi Fiber

Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwealkali mugirazi, fiber yegirazi inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: fiber yegirazi isina alkali (E-glass), fiber yegirazi yepakati-alkali (C-glass), uye fiber yegirazi ine alkali yakawanda. Pakati peizvi, E-glass ndiyo inonyanya kuwanikwa, ichipa anopfuura 95% yehuwandu hwese hwekugadzirwa kweindasitiri.

Nekushandiswa, dzinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zviviri: fiber dzegirazi dzemhando yemagetsi nefiber dzemhando yeindasitiri.

Zvigadzirwa zvemagirazi emhando yemagetsi zvinosanganisira shinda yemagetsi nejira remagetsi, izvo zvinoshandiswa mumabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa (PCBs), machira esimbi emhangura (CCLs), uye zvinhu zvinomhanya zvakanyanya, uye zvinoonekwa semafiber egirazi emhando yepamusoro.

Fiber yegirazi yemhando yemagetsi inowanzoiswa muzvikamu zvemachira echizvarwa chekutanga, chechipiri, uye chechitatu.

Machira echizvarwa chekutanga anonyanya kugadzirwa nefiber yegirazi yechinyakare, ichipa hunyanzvi hwakasimba uye inoshandiswa mumaPCB akajairwa uye mumagetsi evatengi.

Machira echizvarwa chechipiri machira egirazi ane fiber yedielectric shoma, ane low-loss (Low-Dk/Df), ane hunhu huri nani hwe dielectric uye kurasikirwa kupfuura machira echizvarwa chekutanga, zvichiita kuti chiratidzo chienderane zvakanaka. Anoshandiswa mumaPCB epakati kusvika epamusoro, maserver epakati kusvika epamusoro, 5G/6G base stations, uye ma automotive electronics.

Kana dielectric constant (Dk) yakaderera, chiratidzo chemagetsi chinokurumidza kufamba; kana dielectric loss (Df) yakaderera, chiratidzo chinoderera, uye kana kupisa kuchibuda zvishoma.

Jira rechizvarwa chechitatu ijira regirazi reDk/Df quartz rakaderera zvakanyanya, rinozivikanwawo seQ (Quartz). Rinoshandiswa mukukurukurirana kwe-high-frequency uye high-speed, AI servers, high-frequency RF applications, uye high-end packaging substrates, uye parizvino ndiro chinhu chikuru chekushandisa ma-high-end electronic substrates.

Zvigadzirwa zvefiberglass zvemhando yepamusoro zvinosanganisira roving, tambo yakachekwa, surface felt, jira rakarukwa, jira rinoenderana nedivi rimwe chete, uye girazi wool, izvo zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira maburi emhepo, zvinhu zvekuvaka, mota, uye mapaipi.

Zvichibva pakuumbwa kwegirazi, fiber yegirazi yemhando yeindasitiri inoiswawo muzvikamu zvinotevera:Girazi reE (remagetsi), inova ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa; Girazi reC (Chemical), iro rinopa simba rakanaka rekudzivirira acid uye rinoshandiswa mumapaipi emakemikari, matangi ekuchengetera zvinhu, uye mamwe mashandisirwo akafanana; Girazi reS (High-Strength)/R (Reinforcement), rinoshandiswa mundege, masirinda egasi ane simba rakawanda, uye mashandisirwo esimba remhepo; uye girazi reHM (High Modulus), rinoshandiswa mumashizha makuru emhepo uye mamwe mashandisirwo akafanana.

Nzvimbo dzekushandisa dzeGirazi Fiber

Nzvimbo huru dzinoshandiswa negirazi fiber pamwe chete nemisika yadzo ndeinotevera: zvivakwa nezvinhu zvekuvaka (25%), kutakurwa (24%), zvemagetsi nemagetsi (18%), simba nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza (14%), zvinhu zvevatengi (8%), nezvimwe (11%) (kusanganisira maindasitiri emugungwa, ndege, uye mashandisirwo ekurapa).

Izvi zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa nguva nenguva (zvinhu zvekuvaka, michina yeindasitiri, nezvimwewo) pamwe nenzvimbo dziri kutsva dzinoshandiswa (mota dzakareruka, 5G, simba remhepo, photovoltaics), saka indasitiri yefiberglass ine hunhu hwe "kutenderera" uye "kukura".

Sei Mitengo Yakakwira?

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mitengo yegirazi fiber yakaramba ichikwira, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvichitove zvishoma. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekubatana kwezvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha: kuwedzera kwekudiwa, kusagadzikana kwekupa zvinhu, uye kukwira kwemitengo—maitiro anoratidza kuwedzera kwemitengo muma memory chips.

Kudivi rekudiwa, kukura kwakanyanya muzvikamu zvepamusoro kwave chinhu chikuru chinosimudzira. Maseva eAI akawedzera kudiwa kwemachira emagetsi epamusoro, nekushandiswa kwefiber yegirazi paPCB imwe neimwe mumaseva eAI imwe chete kuchipfuura kweseva yakajairwa nekanopfuura kaviri. Panguva imwe chete, maitiro ekuenda kumabhurazi makuru emhepo uye kurerutsa kwemotokari itsva dzesimba kuri kuwedzera, zvichiwedzera kudiwa kweindasitiri yese uye kugadzira mamiriro ezvinhu anozivikanwa ne "kushomeka kwezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro uye kuenzana kwakasimba muzvigadzirwa zvechinyakare."

Kudivi rekupa, kuchinjika kushoma kunoita kuti zviome kufambirana nekukura kwekudiwa kwezvinhu.Vagadziri vemagirazi efiberglassvakagadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvavo nekukurumidza, vachichinja kugona kwavo kuita machira efiberglass akakosha, izvo zvakaita kuti kuwanikwa kwemachira emagetsi akajairika kuderera. Uyezve, nguva yekutumira michina mikuru inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemachira emagetsi epamusoro yakareba semwedzi 18-24, zvichiita kuti kuchinjana kwemidziyo yemumba kusakwanise kuitwa munguva pfupi. Pamwe chete nehuwandu hwezvinhu zviri muindasitiri, izvi zvakakonzera kusawirirana kukuru pakati pezvinhu zvinodiwa nevatengi.

Kudivi remutengo, kumanikidzwa kwakasimba kwemitengo kuri kumanikidza makambani kukwidza mitengo. Mutengo weplatinum, chinhu chikuru chekugadzira, wakwira zvakanyanya, nepo zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita se illite zvakwira pamwe chete, zvichideredza zvakanyanya purofiti yemakambani. Kukwira kwemitengo kwave sarudzo isingadzivisike yemakambani kuti arambe achishanda zvakanaka. Uyezve, kudzikira kwekuwedzera kwesimba reindasitiri kuri kutsigira kuwedzera kwemitengo.