Zvinhu zvakaumbwa zvakashandiswa pakutengesa kwemakore anopfuura makumi mashanu.Mumatanho ekutanga ekutengeserana, anongoshandiswa mumhando yepamusoro-soro senge aerospace uye kudzivirira.Sezvo tekinoroji ichienderera mberi, zvinhu zvakaumbwa zviri kutanga kutengeswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana evashandisi akadai sezvinhu zvemitambo, nhandare yendege, mota, zvemugungwa, zveinjiniya nekuvaka.Kusvika pari zvino, mutengo wezvinhu zvakasanganiswa (zvese zvakasvibirira uye kugadzira) wakadzikira zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa nemakore apfuura, zvichivabvumira kushandiswa pamwero mukuru mukuwedzera kwemaindasitiri.
Iyo composite zvinhu musanganiswa wefiber uye resin zvinhu mune imwe chikamu.Nepo iyo resin matrix inosarudza chimiro chekupedzisira chemusanganiswa, mafiber anoita sekusimbisa kusimbisa chikamu chinoumbwa.Chiyero che resin kune fiber chinosiyana nesimba uye kuoma kwechikamu chinodiwa neTier 1 kana Yekutanga Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Iyo yekutanga inotakura-inotakura chimiro inoda chiyero chepamusoro chefiber kana ichienzaniswa neresin matrix, nepo yechipiri chimiro chinongoda chikamu chimwe chete muzvina chefibers mune resin matrix.Izvi zvinoshanda kune akawanda maindasitiri, chiyero che resin kune fiber zvinoenderana nenzira yekugadzira.
Iyo marine yacht indasitiri yave simba guru mukushandiswa kwepasirese kwezvinhu zvakaumbwa, zvinosanganisira foam core materials.Zvakadaro, zvakasanganawo nekudzikira, nekudzikira kwekuvaka ngarava uye zvigadzirwa zvichikwira.Uku kudzikiswa kwekuda kungave kuri nekuda kwekuchenjerera kwevatengi, kuderera kwesimba rekutenga, uye kugovaniswazve kwezviwanikwa zvishoma kune zvine pundutso uye zvakakosha zviitiko zvebhizinesi.Vengarava vari kugadzirisa zvakare zvigadzirwa zvavo uye nzira dzebhizinesi kuderedza kurasikirwa.Munguva iyi, dzakawanda zvikepe zviduku zvakamanikidzwa kubvisa kana kutorwa nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwemari yekushanda, isingakwanisi kuchengetedza bhizinesi remazuva ose.Kugadzirwa kwemayachts makuru (> 35 tsoka) kwakatora hit, nepo zvikepe zviduku (<24 tsoka) zvakava chinangwa chekugadzira.
Sei zvinhu zvakaumbwa?
Zvinhu zvakaumbwa zvinopa zvakawanda zvakanakira pamusoro pesimbi uye zvimwe zvechinyakare zvinhu, zvakaita sehuni, mukuvaka chikepe.Zvichienzaniswa nesimbi dzakadai sesimbi kana aluminium, zvinhu zvinoumbwa zvinogona kuderedza huremu hwese hwechikamu ne30 kusvika 40 muzana.Kudzikiswa kwehuremu kwese kunounza litany yemabhenefiti echipiri, senge yakaderera mutengo wekushandisa, yakaderera greenhouse gasi kuburitswa uye hukuru hwemafuta.Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvakare kunoderedza uremu zvakare nekubvisa fasteners kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwechikamu.
Composites inopawo vavaki vezvikepe rusununguko rwakakura rwekugadzira, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kugadzira zvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara.Pamusoro pezvo, zvikamu zvakaumbwa zvine mutengo wakaderera wehupenyu hwese kana munhu achizvienzanisa nezvinhu zvinokwikwidza nekuda kwemitengo yakaderera yekuchengetedza uye mari yekuisa uye yekuunganidza nekuda kwekushomeka kwekuora uye kusimba Zvakare kuderera.Hazvishamisi kuti macomposites ari kuwana kugamuchirwa pakati pechikepe OEMs uye Tier 1 vatengesi.
Marine composite
Pasinei nekukanganisa kwezvinhu zvakaumbwa, nzvimbo zhinji dzezvikepe uye vatengesi veTier 1 vachiri kugutsikana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinoumbwa zvichashandiswa mumakepe egungwa.
Nepo zvikepe zvakakura zvichitarisirwa kushandisa mamwe macomposites epamberi senge kabhoni fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), zvikepe zvidiki zvichave mutyairi mukuru wekudiwa kwese kwezvikepe zvemugungwa.Semuyenzaniso, mumayacht mazhinji matsva nemacatamaran, advanced composite zvinhu, zvakadai. se carbon fiber/epoxy uye polyurethane foam, anoshandiswa kugadzira hulls, keels, decks, transoms, rigs, bulkheads, stringers uye masts, Asi aya superyachts kana catamarans anoumba chikamu chiduku chekudiwa kwechikepe.
Pasinei nekukanganisa kwezvinhu zvakaumbwa, nzvimbo zhinji dzezvikepe uye vatengesi veTier 1 vachiri kugutsikana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinoumbwa zvichashandiswa mumakepe egungwa.
Nepo zvikepe zvakakura zvichitarisirwa kushandisa mamwe macomposites epamberi senge kabhoni fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), zvikepe zvidiki zvichave mutyairi mukuru wekudiwa kwese kwezvikepe zvemugungwa.Semuyenzaniso, mumayacht mazhinji matsva nemacatamaran, advanced composite zvinhu, zvakadai. se carbon fiber/epoxy uye polyurethane foam, anoshandiswa kugadzira hulls, keels, decks, transoms, rigs, bulkheads, stringers uye masts, Asi aya superyachts kana catamarans anoumba chikamu chiduku chekudiwa kwechikepe.
Kudiwa kwese kwezvikepe kunosanganisira zvikepe zvine mota (mukati, kunze uye stern drive), majeti mabhoti, zvikepe zvemvura uye zvikepe zvechikepe (yachts).
Mitengo yeComposites ichave iri padanho repamusoro, sezvo mitengo yemagirazi fibers, thermosets uye thermoplastic resins ichakwira nemitengo yemafuta asina kukora uye mimwe mitengo yekuisa.Nekudaro, mitengo yekabhoni fiber inotarisirwa kudzikira munguva pfupi iri kutevera nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekugadzira uye kuvandudzwa kwemamwe maprecursors.Asi mhedzisiro yayo yese pamitengo yemugungwa inoumbwa haizove yakakura, sezvo kabhoni fiber-yakasimbiswa mapurasitiki anongoverengera chikamu chidiki chemarine composites chinodiwa.
Nekune rimwe divi, magirazi mafiber ndiwo achiri iwo makuru efiber zvinhu zvemugungwa macomposites, uye unsaturated polyesters uye vinyl esters ndizvo zvikuru zvepolymer zvinhu.Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) icharamba iine chikamu chikuru chemusika wefoam core.
Zvinoenderana nenhamba, girazi fiber reinforced composite zvinhu (GFRP) inodarika 80% yehuwandu hwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvemugungwa zvinoumbwa, nepo furo core zvinhu zvinoverengera gumi nemashanu%.Mamwe ese makabhoni fiber yakasimbiswa mapurasitiki, ayo anonyanya kushandiswa mumabhoti mahombe uye akakosha maitiro ekushandisa mumisika niche.
Iyo inokura marine composite musika iri kupupurirawo maitiro akananga kuzvinhu zvitsva uye matekinoroji.Vatengesi veMarine composites vatanga kutsvaga hunyanzvi, kuunza nyowani bio-resin, tambo dzechisikigo, yakaderera-emission polyesters, yakaderera-kudzvanywa prepregs, cores uye yakarukwa fiberglass zvinhu.Izvo zvese nezve kuwedzera kudzokorodza uye kuvandudzwa, kuderedza styrene zvemukati, nekuvandudza processability uye pamusoro pemhando.
Nguva yekutumira: May-05-2022