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E-girazi (alkali-isina fiberglass)kugadzirwa mumatangi evira chinhu chakaoma, chepamusoro-tembiricha yekunyungudika. Iyo yekunyunguduka tembiricha mbiri inzvimbo yakakosha yekudzora nzira, inopesvedzera zvakananga mhando yegirazi, kunyunguduka kushanda, kushandiswa kwesimba, hupenyu hwechoto, uye yekupedzisira fiber kuita. Iyi tembiricha mbiri inowanikwa nekugadzirisa hunhu hwemoto uye kuwedzera magetsi.

I. Melting Temperature yeE-Glass

1. Melting Temperature Range:

Kunyungudika, kujekesa, uye homogenization kweE-girazi kunowanzoda kupisa kwakanyanya. Iyo yakajairika yekunyungudika (nzvimbo inopisa) tembiricha inowanzobva pa1500°C kusvika 1600°C.

Iyo chaiyo tarisiro tembiricha inobva pane:

* Batch Maumbirwo: Maumbirwo chaiwo (semuenzaniso, kuvapo kwefluorine, yakakwirira/yakaderera boron zvirimo, kuvapo kwetitanium) kunokanganisa kunyungudika.

* Dhizaini Yechoto: Chimiro chevira, saizi, kushanda kwekudzivirira, uye kurongeka kwekupisa.

* Zvinangwa zvekugadzira: Inodiwa kunyungudika mwero uye magirazi emhando zvinodiwa.

* Refractory Zvishandiso: Iyo corrosion mwero wezvinhu zvinoramba patembiricha yakakwira inodzikamisa tembiricha yepamusoro.

Iyo tembiricha yenzvimbo yekuchenesa inowanzodzikira zvishoma pane tembiricha yenzvimbo inopisa (inenge 20-50 ° C yakaderera) kufambisa kubviswa kwebubble uye homogenization yegirazi.

Kupera kwekushanda (forehearth) kutonhora kwakanyanya kuderera (kazhinji 1200 ° C - 1350 ° C), kuunza girazi kunyunguduka kune viscosity yakakodzera uye kugadzikana kwekudhirowa.

2. Kukosha Kwekudzora Kupisa:

* Kunyunguduka Kubudirira: Kunyanya kupisa tembiricha kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuita kwakazara kwezvinhu zvebatch (jecha requartz, pyrophyllite, boric acid / colemanite, limestone, nezvimwewo), kunyungudika kwakazara kwejecha tsanga, uye kuburitswa kwegasi. Kusakwana kwekushisa kunogona kutungamirira kune "raw material" yakasara (isina kunyunguduka quartz particles), matombo, uye kuwedzera mabhubhu.

* Hunhu hwegirazi: Tembiricha yakakwira inosimudzira kujekeswa uye homogenization yegirazi inonyungudika, kuderedza kuremara senge tambo, mabhubhu, nematombo. Aya marema anokanganisa zvakanyanya kusimba kwefiber, kutyora mwero, uye kuenderera mberi.

* Viscosity: Tembiricha inokanganisa zvakananga viscosity yegirazi inonyungudika. Fiber kudhirowa kunoda kuti girazi rinyunguduke kuti ive mukati meiyo viscosity renji.

* Refractory Material Corrosion: Kunyanya kupisa tembiricha inomhanyisa kuparara kwechoto refractory zvinhu (kunyanya electrofused AZS zvidhinha), kupfupisa hupenyu hwechoto uye zvinogona kuunza matombo anopisa.

* Kushandiswa Kwesimba: Kuchengetedza tembiricha yakanyanya ndiyo yekutanga sosi yekushandisa simba mumatangi emoto (kazhinji inoverengera inopfuura makumi matanhatu muzana yehuwandu hwekugadzira simba rekushandisa). Kunyatso kudzora tembiricha kudzivirira tembiricha yakawandisa ndiyo yakakosha pakuchengetedza simba.

II. Flame Regulation

Kudzora kwemurazvo inzira yakakosha yekudzora kunyungudika kwekushisa, kuwana kunyungudika kwakanaka, uye kuchengetedza chimiro chevira (kunyanya korona). Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekugadzira yakanaka tembiricha munda uye mhepo.

1. Key Regulation Parameters:

* Fuel-to-Air Ratio (Stoichiometric Ratio) / Oxygen-to-Fuel Ratio (yeoxy-fuel system):

* Chinangwa: Wana kupisa kwakazara. Kupisa kusina kukwana kunorasa mafuta, kunoderedza tembiricha yemurazvo, kunoburitsa chiutsi chitema (soot) chinosvibisa girazi rinonyunguduka, uye chinovhara maregenerator/zvinopisa. Mhepo yakawandisa inotakura kupisa kwakanyanya, kuderedza kupisa kwemafuta, uye inogona kuwedzera korona oxidation corrosion.

* Kugadziridza: Nyatsodzora chiyero chemhepo-kune-mafuta zvichienderana nekuongorora gasi gasi (O₂, CO zvirimo).E-girazimatangi mavira anowanzo kuchengetedza flue gasi O₂ zvemukati zvakatenderedza 1-3% (zvishoma zvakanaka zvinopisa zvinopisa).

* Atmosphere Impact: Iyo mhepo-kune-mafuta reshiyo zvakare inokanganisa mhepo yevira (oxidizing kana kuderedza), iyo ine zvisingaoneki mhedzisiro pamaitiro ezvimwe zvikamu zvebatch (sesimbi) uye ruvara rwegirazi. Nekudaro, kune E-girazi (inoda kujeka kusina ruvara), kukanganisa uku kudiki.

* Kureba kwemoto uye chimiro:

* Chinangwa: Gadzira murazvo unovhara nzvimbo yakanyunguduka, ine kumwe kuoma, uye ine kupararira kwakanaka.

* Murazvo Wakareba vs. Murazvo Mupfupi:

* Murazvo Wakareba: Inovhara nzvimbo yakakura, kugovera tembiricha kwakafanana, uye kunokonzeresa kushomeka kwekupisa kune korona. Nekudaro, tembiricha dzepanzvimbo dzinogona kunge dzisina kukwirira zvakakwana, uye kupinda mubatch "drilling" zone inogona kunge isina kukwana.

* Murazvo Mupfupi: Kusimba kwakasimba, tembiricha yepamusoro yenzvimbo, kupinda kwakasimba mubatch layer, kunobatsira kukurumidza kunyunguduka kwe "zvinoshandiswa." Nekudaro, kufukidzwa hakuna kuenzana, kukonzeresa kuwandisa kwenzvimbo (kunyanya kutaurwa nzvimbo dzinopisa), uye kutyisa kwakanyanya kwekorona nemadziro ezamu.

* Kugadziridza: Inowanikwa nekugadzirisa zvinopisa pfuti angle, mafuta / mhepo kubuda velocity (momentum ratio), uye swirl intensity. Mazuva ano tank furnaces anowanzo shandisa multi-stage adjustable burners.

* Flame Direction (Angle):

* Chinangwa: Kunyatso fambisa kupisa kune batch uye girazi rinonyunguduka pamusoro, kudzivirira yakananga murazvo kupinza pakorona kana madziro ezamu.

* Kugadziridza: Gadzirisa pitch (yakatwasuka) uye yaw (yakatwasuka) makona epfuti inopisa.

* Pitch Angle: Inokanganisa kusangana kwemurazvo nemurwi webatch ("kunanzva batch") uye kufukidzwa kwenzvimbo yakanyungudika. Kona yakadzikira zvakanyanya (murazvo uchidzika zvakanyanya) inogona kutsvaira nzvimbo yakanyunguduka kana murwi webatch, zvichikonzera kutakura kunoshatisa madziro ezamu. Kona yakakwira zvakanyanya (murazvo wakanyanya kukwira) inokonzeresa kuderera kwekupisa uye kupisa kwakanyanya kwekorona.

* Yaw Angle: Inokanganisa kugoverwa kwemurazvo pahupamhi hwechoto uye nzvimbo inopisa nzvimbo.

2. Zvinangwa zveFlame Regulation:

* Gadzira Rational Hot Spot: Gadzira yakanyanya tembiricha nzvimbo (inopisa nzvimbo) kumashure kwetangi rinonyungudika (kazhinji mushure meimba yembwa). Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yakakosha yekujekesa girazi uye homogenization, uye inoita se "injini" inodzora girazi rinonyunguduka kuyerera (kubva panzvimbo inopisa yakananga kubatch charger uye kupera kwekushanda).

* Uniform Melt Surface Heating: Dzivisa kupisa kwenzvimbo kana kudzikisira, kuderedza kusaenzana kutenderera uye "nzvimbo dzakafa" dzinokonzerwa nekupisa kwekushisa.

* Chengetedza Chimiro Chevira: Dzivirira murazvo wemoto pakorona uye madziro ezamu, kudzivirira kupisa kwenzvimbo kunotungamira mukukurumidzira refractory corrosion.

* Inoshanda Heat Transfer: Kukwidziridza kugona kwekupenya uye convective kupisa kutamisa kubva mumurazvo kuenda kubatch uye girazi rinonyungudika pamusoro.

* Yakagadzikana Tembiricha Munda: Deredza kuchinja-chinja kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwegirazi kunaka.

III. Yakabatanidzwa Kudzora Kwekunyungudika Temperature uye Flame Regulation

1. Tembiricha ndicho Chinangwa, Murazvo ndiyo Nzira: Murazvo wemurazvo ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekudzora kugoverwa kwetembiricha mukati mechoto, kunyanya nzvimbo yekupisa uye tembiricha.

2. Kuyerwa kweTembiricha uye Mhinduro: Kuramba kutariswa tembiricha kunoitwa pachishandiswa thermocouples, infrared pyrometers, uye zvimwe zviridzwa zvakaiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha muchoto (batch charger, melting zone, hot spot, fining zone, forehearth). Izvi zviyero zvinoshanda sehwaro hwekugadzirisa moto.

3. Automatic Control Systems: Mazuva ano mahombe makuru ematangi anoshandisa zvakanyanya DCS/PLC masisitimu. Aya masisitimu anotonga otomatiki murazvo uye tembiricha nekugadzirisa maparamendi senge mafuta ekuyerera, kupisa kwemhepo kuyerera, kupisa kona / dampers, zvichibva pane preset tembiricha curves uye chaiyo-nguva kuyerwa.

4. Process Balance: Zvakakosha kuwana chiyero chakanyanya pakati pekuita girazi kunaka (kunyungudika kwepamusoro-tembiricha, kujekesa kwakanaka uye homogenization) uye kudzivirira choto (kunzvenga tembiricha yakawandisa, kupinza kwemoto) uchideredza kushandiswa kwesimba.