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Magirazi madiki asina chinhunezvinhu zvavo zvakasanganiswa

Zvinhu zvakasimba zvekuyangarara zvine simba guru zvekushandisa mugungwa rakadzika zvinowanzo umbwa nezvinhu zvinodzora kuyangarara (hollow microspheres) uye resin composites ine simba guru. Pasi rese, zvinhu izvi zvinosvika pakuwanda kwe0.4–0.6 g/cm³ uye simba rekudzvanya re40–100 MPa, uye zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yegungwa rakadzika. Microspheres dzisina chinhu zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuvaka zvakazadzwa negasi. Zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwazvo kwezvinhu, zvinonyanya kukamurwa kuita organic composite microspheres uye inorganic composite microspheres. Tsvagiridzo pamusoro peorganic composite microspheres inoshanda zvakanyanya, nemishumo inosanganisira polystyrene hollow microspheres uye polymethyl methacrylate hollow microspheres. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira inorganic microspheres zvinosanganisira girazi, ceramics, borates, carbon, uye fly ash cenospheres.

Hollow Glass Microspheres: Tsanangudzo uye Kurongeka

Magirazi madiki madiki emhando yeupfu husina simbi husina ngura hune hunhu hwakanaka hwakadai sehukuru hudiki hwezvimedu, chimiro chedenderedzwa, huremu hwakareruka, kudzivirira ruzha, kudzivirira kupisa, kudzivirira kupera, uye kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya. Magirazi madiki madiki anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvemuchadenga, zvinhu zvekuchengetera hydrogen, zvinhu zvakasimba zvinoyangarara, zvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa, zvinhu zvekuvaka, uye pendi nependi. Anowanzo kamurwa kuita mapoka maviri:

① Cenospheres, inonyanya kuumbwa neSiO2 nesimbi oxides, inogona kuwanikwa kubva muash inogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira magetsi mumagetsi anodziya. Kunyangwe cenospheres dzisingadhuri zvakanyanya, hadzina kuchena kwakawanda, saizi yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana yakapararira, uye kunyanya, huwandu hwezvikamu hunowanzo pfuura 0.6 g/cm3, zvichiita kuti dzisakodzere kugadzirira zvinhu zvinoyangarara mumvura yakadzika.

② Magirazi madiki akagadzirwa nemaoko, ane simba, huremu, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvefizikisi zvinogona kudzorwa nekugadzirisa ma process parameters uye ma raw material. Kunyangwe zvichidhura zvakanyanya, zvine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana.

Hunhu hweHollow Glass Microspheres

Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemagirazi madiki asina chinhu muzvinhu zvakasimba zvinoyangarara hakuparadzaniswi nehunhu hwawo hwakanaka.

①Magirazi madiki asina chinhuine chimiro chemukati chisina kusimba, zvichikonzera huremu hwakareruka, huwandu hushoma, uye mafambiro ekupisa mashoma. Izvi hazvingoderedzi zvakanyanya huwandu hwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa asi zvinopawo hita dzakanaka, sound insulation, electrical insulation, uye optical properties.

② Magirazi madiki madiki ane chimiro chedenderedzwa, ane mabhenefiti ekuti haana maburi akawanda (anozadza zvakanaka) uye haanyanyi kunyudzwa nepolymer nemabhora, nokudaro haanyanyi kukanganisa kufamba kwe matrix uye kupenya kwayo. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti pave nekugovaniswa kwekumanikidzwa kwakanaka muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa, nokudaro zvichivandudza kuoma kwayo, kuomarara, uye kugadzikana kwayo.

③ Magirazi madiki madiki ane simba guru. Chaizvoizvo, magirazi madiki madiki ane madziro matete, akavharwa negirazi sechikamu chikuru chegoko, zvichiratidza simba guru. Izvi zvinowedzera simba rechinhu chakabatanidzwa ukuwo zvichiramba zvine density shoma.

Nzira dzekugadzirira magirazi egirazi asina chinhu
Kune nzira nhatu huru dzekugadzirira:
① Nzira yeupfu. Matrix yegirazi inotanga yapwanywa, chinhu chinofema chinowedzerwa, uye zvidimbu zvidiki izvi zvinopfuudzwa nepamoto unodziya zvakanyanya. Kana zvidimbu zvikapfava kana kunyunguduka, gasi rinogadzirwa mukati megirazi. Gasi parinokura, zvidimbu zvinova mabhora asina chinhu, ayo anounganidzwa achishandisa cyclone separator kana bag filter.

② Nzira yekubvisa madonhwe. Patembiricha yakati, mvura ine chinhu chinonyunguduka zvishoma inoomeswa kana kupiswa muchoto chakamira chinodziya zvakanyanya, semukugadzira ma microspheres ane alkaline yakawanda.

③ Nzira yekuisa gel rakaoma. Nzira iyi inoshandisa organic alkoxides sezvinhu zvekugadzira uye inosanganisira maitiro matatu: kugadzirira gel rakaoma, kupwanya, uye kuburitsa furo pakupisa kwakanyanya. Nzira dzese nhatu dzine zvimwe zvadzinotadza: nzira yeupfu inogadzira mwero wakaderera wekuumbwa kwebeads, nzira yedonhwe inogadzira microspheres dzisina simba rakawanda, uye nzira yekuisa gel yakaoma ine mitengo yakakwira yezvinhu zvekugadzira.

Nzira yeHollow Glass Microsphere Composite Material Substrate uye Composite

Kugadzira chinhu chakasimba chine simba guru chinemagirazi madiki asina chinhu, zvinhu zvematrix zvinofanira kunge zvine hunhu hwakanaka, hwakadai sekurema kwakaderera, simba guru, kusimba kwakaderera, uye kunyorova kwakanaka nema microspheres. Zvinhu zvematrix zvinoshandiswa pari zvino zvinosanganisira epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, uye silicone resin. Pakati peizvi, epoxy resin ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa chaiko nekuda kwesimba rayo guru, kusimba kwakaderera, kunyudzwa kwemvura shoma, uye kushoma kwekupwanya. Ma microspheres egirazi anogona kusanganiswa nezvinhu zvematrix kuburikidza nemaitiro ekuumba akadai sekukanda, kuisirwa mu vacuum, kuumbwa kwemvura, kuumbwa kwezvikamu, uye kuumbwa kwekumanikidza. Zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti kuitira kuvandudza mamiriro ekubatana pakati pe microspheres nematrix, pamusoro pe microspheres panofanirawo kuchinjwa, nokudaro zvichivandudza mashandiro ese ezvinhu zvakasanganiswa.