Kugona kufambisa magetsi zvakanyanya chiitiko chepanyama umo kuramba kwemagetsi kwechinhu kunoderera kusvika pazero pakupisa kwakakosha. Dzidziso yeBardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) itsananguro inoshanda, inotsanangura kugona kufambisa magetsi zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvakawanda. Inotaura kuti maCooper electron pairs anoumbwa mu crystal lattice pakupisa kwakaderera zvakakwana, uye kuti kugona kufambisa magetsi kwakanyanya kweBCS kunobva mukuoma kwawo. Kunyangwe graphene pachayo iri conductor yemagetsi yakanaka, hairatidzi BCS superconductivity nekuda kwekudziviswa kwekubatana kwe electron-phonon. Ndosaka ma "conductors" mazhinji (akadai segoridhe nemhangura) ari ma "superconductors" akaipa.
Vatsvaguriri vepaCenter for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems (PCS) paInstitute of Basic Science (IBS, South Korea) vakataura nezveimwe nzira itsva yekuwana superconductivity mu graphene. Vakazadzisa izvi nekupa sisitimu yakasanganiswa inoumbwa ne graphene ne two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Tsvagiridzo iyi yakaburitswa mujenari re2D Materials.
Sisitimu yakasanganiswa ine gasi remaerekitironi (chikamu chepamusoro) mugraphene, yakaparadzaniswa neBose-Einstein condensate ine mativi maviri, inomiririrwa nemaexciton asina kunanga (zvikamu zvebhuruu nezvitsvuku). Maerekitironi nemaexciton mugraphene anobatanidzwa nesimba reCoulomb.
(a) Kuenderana kwekupisa kwemugero we superconducting mukuita kwe bogolon nekugadziriswa kwekupisa (mutsetse wakachekwa) uye pasina kugadziriswa kwekupisa (mutsetse wakasimba). (b) Kupisa kwakakosha kwekuchinja kwe superconducting sebasa rehuwandu hwe condensate pakudyidzana kwe bogolon ne (mutsetse mutsvuku wakachekwa) uye pasina (mutsetse mutema wakasimba). Mutsetse webhuruu une madotsi unoratidza tembiricha yekuchinja kwe BKT sebasa rehuwandu hwe condensate.
Pamusoro pe superconductivity, BEC chimwe chiitiko chinoitika pakupisa kwakaderera. Ndiyo mamiriro echishanu echinhu akafanotaurwa kekutanga naEinstein muna 1924. Kuumbwa kweBEC kunoitika kana maatomu ane simba shoma akaungana pamwe chete opinda mumamiriro akafanana esimba, inova ndima yekutsvagisa kwakakura mu condensed matter physics. Sisitimu yehybrid Bose-Fermi inomiririra kudyidzana kwe layer yema electrons ane layer yema bosons, akadai se indirect excitons, exciton-polarons, nezvimwewo. Kudyidzana pakati peBose neFermi particles kwakatungamira kune akasiyana-siyana ezviitiko zvitsva uye zvinonakidza, izvo zvakamutsa kufarira kwemativi ese. Maonero ekutanga uye akatarisana nekushandisa.
Mubasa iri, vaongorori vakataura nezve nzira itsva ye superconducting mu graphene, iyo inokonzerwa nekudyidzana pakati pemaerekitironi ne "bogolons" pane ma phonons ari muBCS system yakajairika. Ma Bogolons kana Bogoliubov quasiparticles i excitations muBEC, ane hunhu hwakati hwezvikamu. Mukati memamwe ma parameter ranges, nzira iyi inobvumira superconducting critical temperature mu graphene kusvika pa70 Kelvin. Vaongorori vakagadzirawo dzidziso itsva ye microscopic BCS inotarisa zvakanyanya pamasystem akavakirwa pa hybrid graphene itsva. Muenzaniso wavakapa unofanotaurawo kuti superconducting properties inogona kuwedzera nekupisa, zvichikonzera kusawirirana kwekushisa kwe superconducting gap.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kupararira kweDirac kwegraphene kunochengetwa muchirongwa ichi chinoshandiswa nebogolon. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nzira iyi ye superconducting inosanganisira maerekitironi ane relativistic dispersion, uye chiitiko ichi hachina kunyatsoongororwa mu condensed matter physics.
Basa iri rinoburitsa imwe nzira yekuwana superconductivity inodziya zvakanyanya. Panguva imwe chete, nekudzora hunhu hwe condensate, tinogona kugadzirisa superconductivity ye graphene. Izvi zvinoratidza imwe nzira yekudzora michina inodzora superconductivity mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-16-2021 
