Basa Guru reSilica (SiO2) muE-Glass

Silica (SiO2) inoita basa rinokosha uye rakakosha mukugadzirwa kweGirazi remagetsi, ichiumba hwaro hwezvinhu zvayo zvose zvakanaka. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, silica ndiyo "network former" kana "skeleton" yeE-glass. Basa rayo rinogona kurongwa zvakananga munzvimbo dzinotevera:

1. Kuumbwa kweGlass Network Structure (Core Function)

Iri ndiro basa guru resilica. Silica igirazi rinogadzira oxide pachayo. SiO4​ tetrahedra dzayo dzakabatana kuburikidza nekubatanidza maatomu eokisijeni, zvichigadzira chimiro che network chinogara chiripo, chakasimba, uye chisina kurongeka.

• Kufananidza:Izvi zvakafanana nesimbi yemba iri kuvakwa. Silica ndiyo inoumba girazi rese, nepo zvimwe zvinhu (zvakaita secalcium oxide, aluminium oxide, boron oxide, nezvimwewo) zviri zvinhu zvinozadza kana kugadzirisa skeleton iyi kuti igadzirise mashandiro ayo.
• Pasina iyi silica skeleton, chinhu chakasimba chakaita segirazi hachigone kuumbwa.

2. Kupa Kushanda Kwakanaka Kwekudzivirira Kudzivirira Magetsi

• Kudzivirira Kwemagetsi Kwakanyanya:Silica pachayo ine kufamba kwakaderera kwemaion, uye chisungo chemakemikari (Si-O bond) chakasimba uye chakasimba, zvichiita kuti zviome kuita maion. Network inoenderera mberi yainogadzira inoderedza zvakanyanya kufamba kwemagetsi, zvichiita kuti E-glass irambe yakasimba uye irambe iri pamusoro.
• Kurasikirwa Kwemagetsi Akaderera Uye Kurasikirwa Kwemagetsi Akaderera:Hunhu hwe dielectric hweE-glass hwakagadzikana zvikuru kana paine ma frequency akakwira uye tembiricha yakakwira. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuenzana uye kugadzikana kweSiO2 network structure, izvo zvinoguma nekuderera kwe polarization uye kurasikirwa nesimba kushoma (kushandurwa kuita kupisa) mumunda wemagetsi une ma frequency akakwira. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa sechinhu chekusimbisa muma electronic circuit boards (PCBs) uye high-voltage insulators.

3. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti makemikari akasimba

Girazi remagetsi rinodzivirira mvura zvakanyanya, maasidhi (kunze kwehydrofluoric nehot phosphoric acid), uye makemikari.

• Pamusoro Pechinhu Chisina Kusimba:Network yeSi-O-Si ine makemikari mashoma uye haishande zviri nyore nemvura kana H+ ions. Saka, kuramba kwayo hydrolysis uye kuramba acid zvakanaka kwazvo. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvakasimbiswa neE-glass fiber zvirambe zvichishanda kwenguva refu, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaoma.

4. Mupiro kuSimba reMichina Rakanyanya

Kunyange zvazvo simba rekupedzisira remagirazi egiraziInonyanya kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita sekukanganisika kwenzvimbo uye kutsemuka kudiki, simba rayo redzidziso rinobva zvakanyanya kubva kuSi-O covalent bonds yakasimba uye chimiro chenetwork chemativi matatu.

• Simba reBond Yakakwirira:Simba rekubatana kweSi-O rakakwira zvikuru, izvo zvinoita kuti mapfupa egirazi pachawo arambe akasimba, zvichipa fiber simba rakawanda rekusunga uye elastic modulus.

5. Kupa Hunhu Hwakanaka Hwekupisa

• Chiyero Chekuwedzera Kwekupisa Kwakaderera:Silika pachayo ine chiyero chakaderera kwazvo chekuwedzera kwekupisa. Nekuti inoshanda sechikamu chikuru chemapfupa, E-glass ine chiyero chakaderera chekuwedzera kwekupisa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ine kugadzikana kwakanaka panguva yekuchinja kwekushisa uye haigone kukonzera kushushikana kwakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kudzikira.
• Nzvimbo Yekunyorovesa Yakakwirira:Nzvimbo yekunyunguduka kweSilica yakakwira zvakanyanya (inenge 1723∘C). Kunyangwe kuwedzerwa kwemamwe ma fluxing oxides kuchideredza tembiricha yekupedzisira yekunyunguduka kweE-glass, SiO2 core yayo ichiri kuita kuti girazi rive nenzvimbo yekunyorovesa yakakwana uye kugadzikana kwekupisa kuti isvike zvinodiwa nekushandiswa kwakawanda.

Mune zvakajairikaGirazi remagetsiMusanganiswa wacho, huwandu hwesilica hunowanzova 52%−56% (nehuremu), zvichiita kuti ive chikamu chikuru cheokisijeni. Inotsanangura hunhu hwegirazi.

Kupatsanurwa kweVashandi pakati peOxides muE-Glass:

• SiO2​(Silika): Mapfupa makuru; inopa kugadzikana kwechimiro, kudzivirira magetsi, kugara kwenguva refu kwemakemikari, uye simba.
• Al2O3(Alumina): Network yekubatsira yekare uye stabilizer; inowedzera kugadzikana kwemakemikari, simba remuchina, uye inoderedza katsika kekubvisa vitrification mumuviri.
• B2​O3​(Boron Oxide): Flux uye modifier yeproperty; inoderedza zvakanyanya tembiricha yekunyunguduka (kuchengetedza simba) uku ichivandudza hunhu hwekupisa uye hwemagetsi.
• CaO/MgO(Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): Kuyerera uye kugadzikana; inobatsira mukunyungudutsa uye inogadzirisa kugara kwenguva refu kwemakemikari uye hunhu hwekubvisa vitrification.