Iyo Core Basa reSilica (SiO2) muE-Glass

Silica (SiO2) inoita basa rakakosha uye rakakosha muE-girazi, ichigadzira dombo rehumwe hwaro hwese zvakanakisa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, silica ndiyo "network yekare" kana "skeleton" yeE-girazi. Basa rayo rinogona kuiswa zvakananga munzvimbo dzinotevera:

1. Kuumbwa kweGlass Network Structure (Core Function)

Iri ndiro basa rakakosha resilica. Silika igirazi-inogadzira oxide pachayo. Yayo SiO4, tetrahedra yakabatana kune imwe neimwe kuburikidza nekuvharisa maatomu eokisijeni, ichigadzira inoenderera, yakasimba, uye isingaite matatu-dimensional network chimiro.

• EnzanisoIzvi zvakafanana nesimbi yemarata eimba iri kuvakwa. Silika inopa hukuru hwemagadzirirwo egirazi rose, asi zvimwe zvikamu (zvakadai se calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, boron oxide, nezvimwewo) ndizvo zvinhu zvinozadza kana kushandura skeleton iyi kugadzirisa kushanda.
• Pasina iyi silica skeleton, yakagadzikana girazi mamiriro ezvinhu haagone kuumbwa.

2. Kupiwa kweAkanakisa Magetsi Insulation Performance

• High Electrical Resistivity:Silika pachayo ine yakanyanya kuderera ion kufamba, uye kemikari bond (Si-O bond) yakagadzikana uye yakasimba, zvichiita kuti zviome kuita ionize. Iyo inoenderera network yainoumba inorambidza zvakanyanya kufamba kwemachaji emagetsi, ichipa E-girazi yakakwira vhoriyamu resistivity uye pamusoro resistivity.
• Yakaderera Dielectric Constant uye Yakaderera Dielectric Kurasika:E-girazi's dielectric properties yakagadzikana zvakanyanya pakakwirira uye tembiricha yepamusoro. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekuenzanisa uye kugadzikana kweSiO2, network structure, iyo inoguma nehuwandu hwepolarization uye kurasikirwa kwesimba kuduku (kutendeuka kusvika pakupisa) munzvimbo yakakwirira yemagetsi. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanaka kuti zvishandiswe sechinhu chekusimbisa mumagetsi edunhu mabhodhi (PCBs) uye yakakwirira-voltage insulators.

3. Kuvimbisa Kugadzikana Kwemakemikari Akanaka

E-girazi rinoratidza kuramba mvura, asidhi (kunze kwehydrofluoric uye inopisa phosphoric acid), uye makemikari.

• Inert Surface:Iyo gobvu Si-O-Si network ine yakaderera zvakanyanya kemikari kuita uye haiite nyore kuita nemvura kana H + ions. Naizvozvo, hydrolysis yayo kuramba uye asidhi kuramba zvakanaka chaizvo. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti zvinhu zvakaumbwa zvakasimbiswa neE-girazi fiber zvinochengetedza mashandiro avo kwenguva yakareba, kunyangwe munzvimbo dzakaoma.

4. Mupiro kune Yakakwirira Mechanical Simba

Kunyangwe simba rekupedzisira regirazi fibersinokonzerwawo zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakadai sekuremara kwepamusoro uye micro-cracks, simba ravo rekufungidzira rinonyanya kubva kune yakasimba yeSi-O covalent bonds uye matatu-dimensional network structure.

• High Bond Energy:Simba rechisungo reSi-O bond rakanyanya kukwirira, izvo zvinoita kuti skeleton yegirazi pachayo ive yakasimba zvakanyanya, ichipa iyo fiber ine simba rakanyanya kusimba uye elastic modulus.

5. Kupa Ideal Thermal Properties

• Yakaderera Thermal Kuwedzera Coefficient:Silika pachayo ine yakaderera kwazvo coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa. Nekuti inoshanda seyo huru skeleton, E-girazi zvakare ine yakadzikira kupisa kwekuwedzera coefficient. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ine yakanaka dimensional kugadzikana panguva yekuchinja kwetembiricha uye kashoma kuunza kushushikana kwakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kuderera.
• High Softening Point:Kunyungudika kweSilica kwakakwira zvakanyanya (inenge 1723∘C). Kunyangwe kuwedzera kwemamwe maokisi anoyerera achidzikisa tembiricha yekunyungudika kweE-girazi, musimboti wayo weSiO2 uchiri kuona kuti girazi rine nzvimbo yekunyorovesa yakakwira uye kugadzikana kwekupisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvemashandisirwo mazhinji.

MuchimiroE-girazikuumbwa, iyo silica yemukati inowanzo 52% -56% (kuburikidza nehuremu), ichiiita iyo imwechete yakakura oxide chikamu. Inotsanangura zvakakosha zvegirazi.

Chikamu Chebasa pakati peOxides muE-Glass:

• SiO2(Sirika): Main skeleton; inopa kugadzikana kwemaitiro, magetsi ekudzivirira, kusimba kwemakemikari, uye simba.
• Al2O3(Alumina): Mubatsiri network yekare uye stabilizer; inowedzera kugadzikana kwemakemikari, simba remagetsi, uye inoderedza devitrification maitiro.
• B2O3(Boron oxide): Flux uye pfuma inogadzirisa; inoderedza zvakanyanya tembiricha yekunyunguduka (simba rekuchengetedza) uchivandudza kupisa uye magetsi zvinhu.
• CaO/MgO(Calcium Oxide/Magnesium Oxide): Flux uye stabilizer; inobatsira mukunyunguduka uye inogadzirisa kusimba kwemakemikari uye devitrification zvivakwa.