Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvave zvinhu zvakanaka pakugadzira ndege dziri mudenga rakaderera nekuda kwekureruka kwadzo, simba radzo guru, kuramba ngura uye plasticity. Munguva ino yekushanda zvakanaka kwendege dziri mudenga rakaderera inoda kushanda zvakanaka, hupenyu hwebhatiri uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa hakungokanganisi mashandiro uye kuchengetedzeka kwendege chete, asiwo ndiyo kiyi yekusimudzira kukura kweindasitiri yese.
Faibha yekabhonizvinhu zvakasanganiswa
Nekuda kwekureruka kwayo, simba rayo guru, kuramba kwayo ngura nezvimwe zvinhu, kabhoni fiber yave chinhu chakanakira kugadzirwa kwendege dziri mudenga rakaderera. Haingogone kuderedza huremu hwendege chete, asiwo kuvandudza mashandiro ayo uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi, uye kuva chinotsiva chinoshanda chezvinhu zvesimbi zvechinyakare. Zvinopfuura 90% zvezvinhu zvakasanganiswa mumotokari dzemudenga ikabhoni fiber, uye zvinosara zvinenge 10% igirazi fiber. Mundege dze eVTOL, kabhoni fiber inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemaumbirwo uye masisitimu ekufambisa, zvichiita 75-80%, nepo mashandisirwo emukati akadai sematanda uye zvigaro zvechigaro zvichiita 12-14%, uye masisitimu emabhatiri nemidziyo yeavionics zvinoita 8-12%.
Faibhazvinhu zvakasanganiswa negirazi
Plastiki yakasimbiswa negirazi (GFRP), ine simba rekudzivirira ngura, simba rekupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera, simba remwaranzi, simba rinodzivirira moto uye hunhu hwekudzivirira kukwegura, inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwendege dziri mudenga rakadzikira dzakadai sedrones. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu izvi kunobatsira kuderedza huremu hwendege, kuwedzera mutoro, kuchengetedza simba, uye kuwana dhizaini yakanaka yekunze. Saka, GFRP yave chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha muhupfumi hwedenga rakadzikira.
Mukugadzirwa kwendege dziri mudenga rakaderera, jira refiberglass rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha zvemuumbi zvakaita sema airframe, mapapiro, uye miswe. Hunhu hwayo hwakareruka hunobatsira kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwendege uye kupa simba rakasimba uye kugadzikana kwemuumbi.
Kune zvinhu zvinoda kupenya kwemafungu zvakanaka, zvakaita sema radomes nema fairings, fiberglass composite zvinhu zvinowanzo shandiswa. Semuenzaniso, UAV yekumusoro-soro uye US Air Force's RQ-4 "Global Hawk" uav vanoshandisa zvinhu zve carbon fiber composite pamapapiro avo, muswe, injini uye fuselage yekumashure, nepo radome ne fairing zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zve fiberglass composite kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti chiratidzo chinotumirwa zvakajeka.
Jira refiberglass rinogona kushandiswa kugadzira mahwindo nemafafitera endege, izvo zvisingangowedzere chitarisiko nerunako rwendege chete, asiwo zvinosimudzira nyaradzo yekufamba. Saizvozvowo, mukugadzira satellite, jira refiber regirazi rinogona kushandiswawo kuvaka chimiro chekunze che solar panels nema antenna, nokudaro zvichivandudza chitarisiko nekushanda kwemasatellite.
Faibha yeAramidzvinhu zvakasanganiswa
Chinhu chikuru chemuzinga we aramid paper chakagadzirwa ne hexagonal structure yemuzinga we bionic natural chinozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwesimba rayo rakanaka, kuomarara kwayo uye kugadzikana kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, chinhu ichi chinewo insulation yakanaka, insulation yekupisa uye hunhu hunodzivirira moto, uye utsi nehupfu hunokonzerwa panguva yekutsva hwakaderera zvikuru. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti chive nenzvimbo yepamusoro mukushandiswa kwemuchadenga nenzira dzekufambisa dzinomhanya zvakanyanya.
Kunyangwe mutengo wezvinhu zvekutanga zve aramid paper honeycomb wakakwira, zvinowanzo sarudzwa sechinhu chakakosha chakareruka chemidziyo yepamusoro senge ndege, zvombo, nemasetiraiti, kunyanya mukugadzira zvinhu zvemukati zvinoda kubvumidzwa kwemafungu ebroadband uye kuomarara kwakanyanya.
Mabhenefiti akareruka
Sechinhu chakakosha chekuvaka fuselage, bepa rearamid rinoita basa rakakosha mundege huru dzisingadhuri zvakanyanya dzakadai seeVTOL, kunyanya se carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich layer.
Mumunda wemotokari dzisina vanhu, zvinhu zveNomex zvemuzinga weuchi (pepa rearamid) zvinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya, zvinoshandiswa mugoko refuselage, ganda remapapiro uye mucheto wekutungamira nezvimwe zvikamu.
Zvimwezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvesandwich
Ndege dziri mudenga rakaderera, dzakadai semota dzisina vanhu, pamusoro pekushandisa zvinhu zvakasimbiswa zvakaita se carbon fiber, girazi fiber uye aramid fiber mukugadzirwa, zvinhu zvekuvaka sandwich zvakaita se honeycomb, firimu, foam plastic uye foam glue zvinoshandiswawo zvakanyanya.
Mukusarudza zvinhu zvemasangweji, zvinonyanya kushandiswa zvinosanganisira masangweji emuchindwe (senge pepa remuchindwe, Nomex honeycomb, nezvimwewo), masangweji emapuranga (senge birch, paulownia, pine, basswood, nezvimwewo) uye sangweji yefuro (senge polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene foam, nezvimwewo).
Chimiro chesandwich chefuro chave chichishandiswa zvakanyanya muchimiro cheUAV airframes nekuda kwehunhu hwacho husingapindi mvura uye hunoyangarara pamwe nezvakanaka zvetekinoroji zvekukwanisa kuzadza maburi echimiro chemukati chebapiro nebapiro remuswe rose.
Pakugadzira maUAV anomhanyisa zvishoma, zvivakwa zvemasandwich emuchindwe zvinowanzo shandiswa pazvikamu zvine simba shoma, maumbirwo akajairwa, nzvimbo dzakakombama dzakakombama uye dziri nyore kuisa, zvakaita senzvimbo dzinodzikamisa mapapiro epamberi, nzvimbo dzinodzikamisa miswe yakatwasuka, nzvimbo dzinodzikamisa mapapiro, nezvimwewo. Kune zvikamu zvine maumbirwo akaomarara uye nzvimbo diki dzakakombama, senge nzvimbo dzeelevator, nzvimbo dzerudder, nzvimbo dzerudder dzeaileron, nezvimwewo, zvivakwa zvemasandwich efuro zvinofarirwa. Kune zvivakwa zvemasandwich zvinoda simba rakawanda, zvivakwa zvemasandwich emapuranga zvinogona kusarudzwa. Kune zvikamu zvinoda simba rakawanda uye kuomarara kwakakwirira, senge fuselage skin, T-beam, L-beam, nezvimwewo, chimiro chelaminate chinowanzo shandiswa. Kugadzirwa kwezvikamu izvi kunoda kugadziriswa, uye zvinoenderana nekuomarara kunodiwa mukati meplane, simba rekukotama, kuomarara kwetorsional uye simba, sarudza fiber yakasimbiswa yakakodzera, matrix material, fiber content uye laminate, uye gadzira makona akasiyana ekugadzika, layers uye layering sequence, uye kurapa kuburikidza nekupisa kwakasiyana uye kumanikidzwa kwekumanikidza.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-22-2024
